Choquequirao Archaeological Complex.

Choquequirao Archaeological Complex is an impressive and lesser-known Inca site located in the Vilcabamba mountain range in southern Peru. Often referred to as the “sister city” of Machu Picchu, Choquequirao (which means “Cradle of Gold” in Quechua) offers a unique and remote trekking experience with rich historical significance. Here’s a comprehensive guide to Choquequirao:

Table of Contents

Historical Significance

Inca Heritage: Choquequirao was an important ceremonial center during the Inca Empire, likely built during the reign of the emperors Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui and Tupac Inca Yupanqui in the 15th century.
Strategic Location: Positioned at 3,050 meters (10,010 feet) above sea level, it served as a gateway to the Vilcabamba region and a vital link between the Amazon jungle and the city of Cusco.
Rediscovery: Although known to locals. Choquequirao was officially rediscovered, by explorers in the 18th century and has been gradually excavated since the 20th century.

Key Features of the Complex

Terraces and Agriculture:
- Extensive terracing systems used for agriculture, similar to those at Machu Picchu.
- Unique terraces featuring llama-shaped stone formations, which are a distinctive characteristic of Choquequirao Archaeological Complex.
Plazas and Buildings:
- Main Plaza: A large open area that served as the central hub of the site.
- Ceremonial Center: Structures used for religious and ceremonial purposes, including temples and ritual baths.
- Residential Areas: Buildings that housed priests, nobles, and workers, showcasing typical Inca architectural styles with trapezoidal doors and windows.
Inca Road Network:
- Part of the extensive Inca road system (Qhapaq Ñan), which connected various parts of the empire. The trails to and from Choquequirao are part of this network.

Trekking to Choquequirao

Difficulty and Duration

Challenging Trek: The trek to Choquequirao is considered challenging due to the steep ascents and descents, high altitude, and rugged terrain.
Duration: Typically, the trek takes 4 to 5 days round trip, but can be extended if combined with other routes. Such as continuing to Machu Picchu.

Route and Scenery

Starting Point: The trek commonly starts at the village of Cachora, located about a 4-hour drive from Cusco.
Scenic Beauty: The route offers breathtaking views of the Andes, lush cloud forests, and deep canyons, particularly the Apurímac Canyon.

Practical Information

Best Time to Visit

Dry Season: The best time to visit is during the dry season, from May to October, when the weather is more stable, and trails are less muddy.
Avoiding the Rainy Season: From November to April, heavy rains can make the trek more difficult and dangerous due to landslides and slippery paths.

Preparation and Gear

Physical Fitness: Due to the strenuous nature of the trek, a good level of physical fitness is required.
Gear: Similar to the Salkantay trek, layers of clothing, sturdy hiking boots, trekking poles, a sleeping bag rated for cold temperatures, a backpack, and adequate hydration and nutrition supplies are essential.

Guided vs. Independent Trekking

Guided Tours: Many travelers opt for guided tours for logistical support, local knowledge, and ease of navigation.
Independent Trekking: Experienced trekkers can undertake the journey independently, but should be well-prepared and knowledgeable about the route.

Conservation and Impact

Responsible Tourism: Visitors are encouraged to practice Leave. No Trace principles to help preserve the archaeological site and its natural surroundings.
Local Economy: Trekking to Choquequirao supports local communities through tourism, creating economic opportunities in remote areas.

Choquequirao offers a remarkable journey through history and nature, providing a glimpse into the grandeur of the Inca civilization in a less crowded and more serene environment than its famous counterpart, Machu Picchu.